COPPER CARBONATE - CuCO₃

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Copper carbonate synthesis is probably the easiest and most immediate synthesis you'll ever encounter. You just need to mix a solution of copper(II) sulfate with a solution of sodium carbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate (the first is better, as less effervescence occurs). Copper carbonate synthesized this way is often contaminated with Copper(II) hydroxide, that gives the compound a cyan-blue shade and the name "Basic copper carbonate": the more aqua-greenish the shade is, the less copper hydroxide is present. These reactions occur simultaneously, in different proportions according to various factors, yielding a variable mixture of carbonate and hydroxide every time. You can either ignore this difference in composition or store the product according to the shade, approximately classifying it as basic carbonate or normal carbonate.

CuSO₄ + Na₂CO₃ = CuCO₃ + Na₂SO₄

Copper(II) sulfate + Sodium carbonate = Copper(II) carbonate + Sodium sulfate

2 CuSO₄ + H₂O + 2 Na₂CO₃ = Cu₂(OH)₂CO₃ + 2 Na₂SO₄ + CO₂

Copper(II) sulfate + Water + Sodium carbonate = Basic copper(II) carbonate + Sodium sulfate + Carbon dioxide

Cu₂(OH)₂CO₃ is Basic copper(II) carbonate and can also be written CuSO₄·Cu(OH)₂.